© “these are the ones who come out of the great tribulation” This is a PRESENT PARTICIPLE and is an allusion to the persecuted churches in John’s day (cf. 1:9; 2:9, 10, 22). However, it is obvious that the historical allusions in the Revelation also point to an end-time intensification of persecution. With this in mind, there are still two possibilities that this is somehow related to: (1) the persecution of God’s children (cf. Matt. 24:21–22; 2 Thess. 2:3ff; Rev. 2:10; Dan. 12:1) or (2) God’s wrath
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